People with dementia may remember more than it first appears, according to researchers in Dundee and Fife.
They believe knowledge may not be destroyed in conditions such as Alzheimer's disease until later than previously thought.
The academics concluded that often patients would be able to recall facts, but became confused by the way the questions were asked.
The research was carried out by Dundee, Abertay and St Andrews universities.
The researchers asked patients to define simple words, such as "monkey", "salmon" or "tractor".
Professor Trevor Harley, from Dundee University, explained: "People with dementia are notoriously bad at this sort of task: at first sight it looks like they've lost most of the detailed knowledge of the word. For example, the only thing they appear to know about a monkey might just be that it's an animal.
"The assumption has been that Alzheimer's disease causes this knowledge to be destroyed.
"However, we found that if you probe the patient in the right way with appropriate questions that support them to search their stored knowledge, they can often generate more detailed information.
"That is, the knowledge isn't always lost at all. Of course eventually the information might be completely lost, but this might happen much later than people have previously thought."
Prof Harley believes that if people phrase questions in a certain way it may help dementia sufferers remember more.
"The more precise the wording of the question is the better," he said.
"You also have to make sure the person really understands what's being asked of them. It may be prudent to try accessing that information through different tasks, or different approaches, to see if that knowledge has been retained."
(BBC)
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